MZ Mpods Series TWS Earbuds Internal Circuit Details

Discover the MZ Mpods Series, featuring detailed insights on TWS earbuds, CPU BP0Q186 specifications, touch sensor functionality, and battery Details.

The MZ Mpods Series TWS (True Wireless Stereo) Earbuds, like many wireless earbuds, are designed to provide high-quality audio with a compact design. They combine various essential components, all working together to enable wireless audio transmission, touch control, power management, and more. This detailed guide will break down the working of each component step by step, making it easy to understand how these earbuds function.

Overview of the Board 302_R Y113 All MZ Mpods Series TWS

Board Number: 302_R Y113
Board Version: V1.2
Application Type: AirPods CPU and Earbuds Main IC

Components

1. Charging Connector
2. CPU/Main IC/All-In-One IC
3. Crystal IC
4. Microphone
5. Touch Sensor Connector
6. LED
7. Battery
8. Speaker
9. Resistor, Capacitor.

Charging Connector

↳ Connector Type: 2 Metal Path
↳ Charging Input Voltage: 5 Volt
↳ Charging Input Ampere: 0.20-1 Ampere

Working

The charging connector consists of two metal pads that make contact with the charging case. When the earbuds are placed inside the case, these connectors receive 5V from the charging circuit, which is then regulated to charge the internal battery. The current (between 0.2A and 1A) depends on the charging case's design and how depleted the battery is.

The charging system is responsible for:

Providing power to recharge the battery inside the earbuds.
Ensuring that the battery does not overcharge, thanks to safety protocols in the CPU/Main IC.
MZ Mpods 13 Earbuds Internal Circuit Image 

CPU/Main IC/All-In-One IC

↳ CPU Brand: JL
↳ CPU Number: BP0Q186 8302
↳ CPU Total Connection Pin: 20 Pin

CPU Working Function

The CPU or Main IC is the brain of the earbuds. It handles various functions, including:

Bluetooth Communication: The JL BP0Q186 manages wireless connectivity with your phone or other Bluetooth devices. It handles pairing, signal transmission, and audio decoding.
Audio Processing: This IC decodes the audio signal received from your paired device and sends it to the speaker, ensuring clear sound.
Power Management: The CPU regulates power distribution, monitoring the battery's charge level and managing the charging process to avoid overcharging.
Touch Controls: The IC processes input from the touch sensor (discussed below) and converts these inputs into actions, like playing/pausing music or answering a call.
With its 20 pins, the IC connects to other components like the battery, microphone, LED, speaker, and crystal oscillator, controlling them based on the earbuds' state.

Crystal IC

↳ Crystal IC Type: SMD
↳ Crystal Frequency: 24.000 mHz
↳ Crystal IC Pin: 4 Pin

Crystal IC Working

The Crystal IC provides a stable clock signal at 24 MHz, which helps synchronize operations within the CPU. This consistent timing is crucial for:

Bluetooth Communication: A steady clock signal ensures that data is transmitted and received at the correct intervals, enabling smooth communication between the earbuds and the paired device.
Audio Processing: The crystal ensures that audio is decoded and played at the correct timing, avoiding delays or jitters.
The 4 pins are connected to the power and ground, with output pins that send the clock signal to the CPU.

Microphone

↳ Microphone Type: Universal 
↳ Microphone Total Pin: 2 Pin

Mic Working

The microphone in the earbuds is essential for voice calls and voice assistant commands. It works by converting sound waves (your voice) into electrical signals. These signals are then processed by the CPU and transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth to your phone.

The microphone's 2 pins include:

Signal Pin: Sends the captured audio signal to the CPU for processing.
Ground Pin: Ensures stable signal transmission by providing a reference voltage.
 

Touch Sensor Connector

↳ Type: Metal

Touch Sensor Working Function

The touch sensor allows the user to interact with the earbuds without physical buttons. The metal connectors detect changes in capacitance when your finger touches the earbud surface.

This touch input is sent to the CPU, where it's interpreted as different commands, such as:

Single tap: Play/pause music
Double tap: Answer/hang up a call
Long press: Activate voice assistant
The touch sensor simplifies user control, making it more intuitive and eliminating the need for buttons, which would add bulk to the design.



LED Section

↳ LED Type: SMD
↳ LED: 2 types (Red, Blue)

LED Function

The LED indicators provide visual feedback to the user. The CPU controls these LEDs, turning them on or off based on the earbud's status. For example:

Blue LED: Blinks when the earbuds are in pairing mode or connected.
Red LED: Glows when the earbuds are charging or when the battery is low.
The LEDs are directly connected to the CPU, which regulates when they should light up based on the actions being performed.

Battery Section

↳ Battery Type: Lithium Ion
↳ Battery Capacity: 250 mAh
↳ Battery Ampere: 35 mAh
↳ Battery Voltage: 4.2 Volt

Working

The lithium-ion battery powers the earbuds when not connected to the charging case. With a capacity of 250 mAh, it provides a reasonable backup time of:

Play Time: 4 hours
Standby Time: 180 hours
The battery works by storing energy during charging and releasing it during use. The CPU monitors the battery’s charge level, ensuring that it doesn’t discharge too quickly or overcharge when connected to a charger. The 4.2V maximum charging voltage ensures the battery charges safely without exceeding the limit, which could damage the battery or cause overheating.

Speaker Section

↳ Speaker Type: Small
↳ Speaker Size: 8 MM
↳ Speaker Resistance: 15-32 Ohm

Working

The speaker is the output device that converts electrical audio signals into sound. The CPU sends processed audio signals to the speaker, where an electromagnetic coil vibrates to produce sound waves.

The speaker’s resistance of 15-32 ohms ensures that it can operate with the low power provided by the small internal battery while still producing a clear and loud sound. Its compact 8 mm size fits easily inside the earbud while delivering a full audio range.
MZ Mpods 13 Earbuds Internal Circuit Image

Extra Information:

Wireless Communication

↳ Carrier Frequency: 2.4GHZ
↳ Wireless Range: 10 meter

The JL BP0Q186 IC operates at the standard Bluetooth frequency of 2.4 GHz, which allows the earbuds to communicate wirelessly with other devices within a range of 10 meters. This provides enough distance for comfortable use without interruption, whether you're listening to music or taking a call.

Charging System

When placed in the charging case, the charging connector supplies power to the internal battery. The CPU manages this process, ensuring that the battery charges safely and efficiently.

Charging and Power Usage

Charging Voltage: 5V
Charging Current: 0.20-1 Ampere
Charging Time: 30 minutes
The fast-charging system allows the earbuds to be fully charged in just 30 minutes. The CPU monitors the charging process, ensuring that the battery is charged within safe limits. During charging, the red LED glows to indicate that the process is ongoing. Once fully charged, the LED either turns off or switches to blue, depending on the design.

The battery’s 250 mAh capacity provides up to 4 hours of continuous playtime, and the efficient power management system ensures that the earbuds can operate in standby mode for up to 180 hours without needing a recharge.

Backup Time:-
↳ Play Time: 4 hours
↳ Standby Time: 180 hours

FAQs

What is the charging input voltage for the MZ Mpods Series TWS Earbuds?

The charging input voltage is 5V.

What is the battery capacity of the MZ Mpods Series TWS Earbuds?

The battery capacity is 250 mAh.

What is the function of the Crystal IC in the MZ Mpods Series TWS Earbuds?

The Crystal IC provides a 24 MHz clock signal to synchronize the operations within the CPU for Bluetooth communication and audio processing.

What is the type of microphone used in the MZ Mpods Series TWS Earbuds?

The microphone is a universal 2-pin microphone.

What color LED lights are used in the MZ Mpods Series TWS Earbuds, and what do they indicate?

The earbuds use Red and Blue LEDs. The red LED indicates charging, while the blue LED indicates pairing or a connected status.


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